Saturday, March 21, 2020

Queen Victorias Children and Grandchildren

Queen Victorias Children and Grandchildren Queen Victoria and her first cousin Prince Albert, who married on February 10, 1840, had nine children. The marriage of the children of Queen Victoria and Prince Albert  into other royal families, and the likelihood that some of her children bore a mutant gene for hemophilia affected European history. In the following lists, the numbered persons are children of Victoria and Albert, with notes on who they married, and below them are the next generation, Victoria, and Alberts grandchildren. Children of Queen Victoria and Prince Albert Victoria Adelaide Mary, Princess Royal (November 21, 1840 - August 5, 1901)  married Frederick III of Germany (1831 - 1888)Kaiser Wilhelm II, German Emperor (1859 - 1941, emperor 1888 - 1919), married Augusta Viktoria of Schleswig-Holstein and Hermine Reuss of GreizDuchess Charlotte of Saxe-Meiningen (1860 - 1919), married Bernhard III, Duke of Saxe-MeinengenPrince Henry of Prussia (1862 - 1929), married Princess Irene of Hesse and by the RhinePrince Sigismund of Prussia (1864 - 1866)Princess Victoria of Prussia (1866 - 1929), married Prince Adolf of Schaumburg-Lippe and Alexander ZoubkoffPrince Waldemar of Prussia (1868 - 1879)Sophie of Prussia, Queen of Greece (1870 - 1932), married Constantine I of GreecePrincess Margarete of Hesse (1872 - 1954), married Prince Frederick Charles of Hesse-KasselAlbert Edward, King of England as Edward VII (November 9, 1841 - May 6, 1910)  married Princess Alexandra of Denmark (1844 - 1925)Duke Albert Victor Christian (1864 - 1892), engaged to M ary of Teck (1867 - 1953)King George V (1910 - 1936), married Mary of Teck (1867 - 1953)Louise Victoria Alexandra Dagmar, Princess Royal (1867 - 1931), married Alexander Duff, Duke of FifePrincess Victoria Alexandra Olga (1868 - 1935)Princess Maud Charlotte Mary (1869 - 1938), married Haakon VII of NorwayPrince Alexander John of Wales (John) (1871 - 1871) Alice Maud Mary (April 25, 1843 - December 14, 1878)  married Louis IV, Grand Duke of Hesse (1837 - 1892)Princess Victoria Alberta of Hesse (1863 - 1950), married Prince Louis of BattenbergElizabeth, Grand Duchess of Russia (1864 - 1918), married Grand Duke Sergei Alexandrovich of RussiaPrincess Irene of Hesse (1866 - 1953), married Prince Heinrich of PrussiaErnest Louis, Grand Duke of Hesse (1868 - 1937), married Victoria Melita of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha (his cousin, a daughter of Alfred Ernest Albert, Duke of Edinburgh and Saxe-Coburg-Gotha, a son of Victoria and Albert), Eleonore of Solms-Hohensolms-Lich   (married 1894, divorce 1901)Frederick (Prince Friedrich) (1870 - 1873)Alexandra, Tsarina of Russia (Alix of Hesse) (1872 - 1918), married Nicholas II of RussiaMary (Princess Marie) (1874 - 1878)Alfred Ernest Albert, Duke of Edinburgh and of Saxe-Coburg-Gotha (August 6, 1844 - 1900)  married Marie Alexandrovna, Grand Duchess, Russia (1853 - 1920)Prince Alfred (1874 - 1899)Ma rie of Saxe-Coburg-Gotha, Queen of Romania (1875 - 1938), married Ferdinand of RomaniaVictoria Melita of Edinburgh, Grand Duchess (1876 - 1936), married first (1894 - 1901) Ernest Louis, Grand Duke of Hesse (her cousin, a son of Princess Alice Maud Mary of the United Kingdom, a daughter of Victoria and Albert), married second (1905)  Kirill Vladimirovich, Grand Duke of Russia (her first cousin, and a first cousin of both Nicholas II and his wife, who was also the sister of Victoria Melitas first husband)Princess Alexandra (1878 - 1942), married Ernst II, Prince of Hohenlohe-LangenburgPrincess Beatrice (1884 - 1966), married Infante Alfonso de Orleans y Borbà ³n, Duke of Galliera Helena Augusta Victoria (May 25, 1846 - June 9, 1923)  married Prince Christian of Schleswig-Holstein (1831 - 1917)Prince Christian Victor of Schleswig-Holstein (1867 - 1900)Prince Albert, Duke of Schleswig-Holstein (1869 - 1931), never married but fathered a daughterPrincess Helena Victoria (1870 - 1948)Princess Maria Louise (1872 - 1956), married Prince Aribert of AnhallFrederick Harold (1876 - 1876)stillborn son (1877)Louise Caroline Alberta (March 18, 1848 - December 3, 1939)  married John Campbell, Duke of Argyll, Marquis of Lorne (1845 - 1914)Arthur William Patrick, Duke of Connaught and Strathearn (May 1, 1850 - January 16, 1942)  married Duchess Louise Margaret of Prussia (1860 - 1917)Princess Margaret of Connaught, Crown Princess of Sweden (1882 - 1920), married Gustaf Adolf, Crown Prince of SwedenPrince Arthur of Connaught and Strathearn (1883 - 1938), married Princess Alexandra, Duchess of Fife (herself a daughter of Princess Louise, granddaughter of Edward VII and g reat-granddaughter of Victoria and Albert)Princess Patricia of Connaught, Lady Patricia Ramsay (1885 - 1974), married Sir Alexander Ramsay Leopold George Duncan, Duke of Albany (April 7, 1853 - March 28, 1884)  married Princess Helena Frederica of Waldeck and Pyrmont (1861 - 1922)Princess Alice, Countess of Athlone (1883 - 1981), married Alexander Cambridge, 1st Earl of Athlone (she was the last surviving grandchild of Queen Victoria)Charles Edward, Duke of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha (1884 - 1954), married Princess Victoria Adelaide of Schleswig-HosteinBeatrice Mary Victoria (April 14, 1857 - October 26, 1944)  married Prince Henry of Battenberg (1858 - 1896)Alexander Mountbatten, 1st Marquess of Carisbrooke (formerly Prince Alexander of Battenburg) (1886 - 1960), married Lady Iris MountbattenVictoria Eugenie, Queen of Spain (1887 - 1969), married Alfonso XIII of SpainLord Leopold Mountbatten (formerly Prince Leopold of Battenberg) (1889 - 1922)Prince Maurice of Battenburg (1891 - 1914) Queen Victoria was an ancestor of later British rulers including her descendant Queen Elizabeth II. She was also an ancestor of Elizabeth IIs husband Prince Philip.

Wednesday, March 4, 2020

Eusmilus - Facts and Figures

Eusmilus - Facts and Figures Name: Eusmilus (Greek for early saber); pronounced you-SMILE-us Habitat: Plains of North America and western Europe Historical Epoch: Early Oligocene (30 million years ago) Size and Weight: About six feet long and 200-300 pounds Diet: Meat Distinguishing Characteristics: Six-inch-long canines; weak jaw muscles About Eusmilus Even though its technically classified as a false saber-toothed cat, Eusmilus had truly gigantic canines for its size, which at six inches or so were almost as long as its entire skull (when they werent in use, this cat kept its big teeth cozy and warm in specially adapted pouches on its lower jaw, a trait it shared with the distantly related Thylacosmilus). However, Eusmilus also had comparatively weak jaw muscleswith its huge canines, it didnt need to inflict a powerful biteand it was strangely lacking in supplementary teeth, sporting a relatively paltry two dozen or so. What this indicates is that Eusmilus hunted in traditional saber-tooth style, lying in wait in the low branches of trees, jumping and digging its lethal canines into unsuspecting prey, and then idling its time as its dinner bled to death. Technically, Eusmilus is classified as a nimravid cat, meaning it was closely related to the contemporary Nimravuswith which it competed for prey in early Oligocene Europe and North America, along with yet a third nimravid, Hoplophoneus. In case youre wondering how all of these big-toothed cats could have hunted for megafauna mammals without getting in each others way, the fact is that they didnt: one Nimravus skull bears tooth marks that exactly match the size and shape of Eusmilus canines (however, this particular individual healed from its wounds and lived to hunt another day). We even have evidence for cannibalism, or at least intra-species combat, among saber-toothed cats: another identified Nimravus skull is embedded with the canines of a fellow pack member!